ETHICS – CHARACTER BUILDING THE LAST SERMON OF THE HOLY PROPHET (P.B.U.H)

1. Find the following words in below mentioned text and underline them:

ancestors	migrate	aggressive	hypocrites	pagans	harmony
prohibited	alliance	unified	consolidated	astray	beware
superiority	piety	legitimate	equitable	meritocracy	principle

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Our Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) is the last of the Prophets. Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was born in 571 A.D. at Makkah / Saudi Arabia, in a respected Quraish family.

The Quraish used to worship idols and did not believe in one God. Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) asked the Quraish not to worship their false gods. He told them that he was the Prophet of Allah and asked them to accept Islam and to worship the One and only true God. Most of them refused to accept Islam. They thought that he was against their gods and their ancestors. They opposed this new faith so much that the Prophet (ﷺ) had to ask the believers to migrate to Yathrib / a city 320 km (200 miles) north of Makkah.

But, with time, as many people started accepting his message and converting to Islam, the Quraish became more aggressive and started making attempts on his life. Hence, when Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) got positive signals from Yathrib, he also decided to emigrate there. After eight days' journey, he reached the outskirts of Yathrib, on 28th June 622; but he did not enter the city directly. He stopped at a place called Quba', a place some miles from the main city, and built a mosque there.

On 2nd July 622, Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) entered the city. This event is known as "Hijra" and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Yathrib was soon named Madina-tun-Nabi (literally "City of the Prophet"), but un-Nabi was soon dropped, and its name became "Madina," meaning "the city."

2. Choose any ten words from the list above and use them in your own sentences. Write these sentences in your notebook.

S.No	Word	Sentence
1	ancestors	My ancestors came to Lahore during the 1700s.
2	migrate	The birds are currently beginning their large migration to the south.
3	aggressive	Watching violence on TV makes some children more aggressive.
4	hypocrites	They are such hypocrites that they never practice what they preach.
5	pagan	The pagans had statues of gods and places of sacrifice.
6	harmony	I try to live in harmony with nature.
7	prohibited	Smoking in this hotel is strictly prohibited.
8	alliance	In World War II, Germany made an alliance with Italy.
9	unified	The couple made a unified decision to buy the house they both liked the best.
10	consolidated	The company has consolidated its position as the country's leading gas supplier.
11	astray	The boy was led astray by bad companions.
12	beware	Beware of pickpockets.
13	superiority	Her sense of superiority makes her very unpopular.
14	piety	Two old men touch our hearts and teach us what true piety is.
15	legitimate	Their business operations are perfectly legitimate.
16	equitable	Each person must have an equitable share.
17	meritocracy	The theory assumes the existence of a "meritocracy" means that there is equal opportunity for all.
18	principle	Mr. Ahmed was a man of principle and good to his word.

3. Read the following sentences and answer true or not.

S.No	Sentence	True/False
1	The mission of the Prophet (ﷺ) continued for 23 years.	True
2	All the Quraish refused to accept Islam.	False
3	The city of Yathrib was less than 320 miles away from Makkah.	True
4	The Holy Prophet (ﷺ) decided to build a Yathrib before entering the city.	True
5	Today, Yathrib is called Madinatul-Nabi.	False
6	The people of Madina agreed that Prophet (ﷺ) settle their disputes.	True
7	The Holy Prophet (ﷺ) addressed such a the last time at Arafat.	True
8	Islam has different laws for the black and for the white people.	False
9	All human beings are children of Adam and Adam was created from dust.	True
10	Only the people who heard the last sermon were supposed to follow it.	False
11	Before the advent of Islam, Quraish used believe in one God.	True
12	After twelve days' journey, the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) reached the outskirts of Yathrib.	False
13	The farewell pilgrimage is one of the most significant historical events for the Muslims.	True
14	The noblest of you in Allah's sight is the most God-fearing.	True
15	Everything is legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim.	False

4. The following table has messages from the Last Sermon of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ). The first part of the sentence is given in column A and the second part is given in column B, in a jumbled order. Read the text, match the part in column A with the correct part in column B and write the answer in column C.

Column A	Column B	Column C
1. Only those people were superior	(a) to the people to whom they belong.	1-f
2. All Muslims were tied to each other	(b) that were based on blood and wealth were useless	2-g
3. The only thing that made one person better than the other	(c) you may get hurt in return	3-j
4. No Muslim had a right to things belonging to other Muslims	(d) have rights over each other	4-i
5. Satan will try to misguide you in small matters	(e) as a sacred trust	5-h
6. Therefore, all claims to superiority	(f) who led a righteous life	6-b
7. Return all things kept with you in trust	(g) In the bond of brotherhood	7-a
8. Both men and women	(h) so be careful	8-d
9. If you will hurt others	(i) unless they gave these of their own free will.	9-c
10. Consider the life and property of every Muslim	(j) was the goodness led their lives	10-e

5. Work in pairs and complete the following statements. Write the complete sentences in your notebook.

6. Most of the Quraish refused to accept Islam because they thought that the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) was ________________.

7. The day the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) entered Yathrib, marks the start of the ________________.

8. The Holy Prophet (ﷺ) invited the leaders of all the communities living in Madina to discuss ________________.

9. The three main points of the Charter of Madina were ________________.

10. In order to strengthen the position of the Muslims in Madina, the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) took three major steps, which were ________________.

11. The farewell pilgrimage of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) is an important event for the Muslims because ________________.

12. The Holy Prophet (ﷺ) asked the people in the gathering to listen carefully as ________________.

13. The Muslims can ensure that all people get their fair share by ________________.

Answers

1. against their gods and their ancestors.
2. Islamic calendar.
3. harmony and peace among them.
4. rights and duties of the Muslims and the Jews, freedom of religion and prohibition of any alliance with the outside enemies.
5. he unified the different Arab tribes under Islam, carried out social and religious reforms, and administrative developments.
6. for it was the first and the last pilgrimage made by Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), as well as an occasion when he taught Muslims how to perform the Hajj.
7. the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) knew that he would not be amongst them after that year.
8. making honesty, justice and meritocracy our guiding principle.